Ramsés V
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Contenido
Usermaatra-Sejeperenra Ramsés-Amonhirjopshef, o Ramsés V,[1] fue el cuarto faraón de la dinastía XX de Egipto; reinó entre los años 1147 y 1143 a. C.[2]
Contenido |
Reinado [editar]
Era nieto de Ramsés III, hijo de Ramsés IV y sobrino de Ramsés VI, que le sucederá.
Su reinado se caracterizó por el continuo aumento del poder de los sumos sacerdotes de Amón que controlaba gran parte de las tierras del país y las finanzas del Estado a expensas del faraón.
Durante su gobierno se escribió el papiro Wilbour, datado el año 4º de su reinado, importante documento fiscal y de asuntos económicos generales, poniendo de relieve el creciente poder del sumo sacerdote de Amón, Ramsésnajt (Ramessesnakht).
El papiro de Turin nº 2044 expone que los trabajadores de Deir el Medina, periódicamente, dejaban de trabajar en la tumba de Ramsés V, KV9, en los primeros años de reinado por temor al "enemigo", las presuntas incursiones de Jamahiriya "quemando" la ciudad de Per-Nebyt. Esto muestra que el faraón tenía dificultades para garantizar la seguridad de su propia tumba, y a la élite de los trabajadores; y seguramente, grandes problemas para proteger a su pueblo.
El papiro de Turin nº 1887 narra el escándalo financiero en el que se vieron envueltos los sacerdotes de Elefantina.
La tumba de Ramsés V [editar]
Cuando muere Ramsés V, de una enfermedad infecciosa (viruela), se inició la construcción de su tumba, KV9, en el Valle de los Reyes, pero sería su tío, Ramsés VI, que le sucederá, quien la terminará en época de desórdenes, usurpádola. Es posible que fuese destronado por su tío.
Se ha sugerido que comenzó otra tumba en la zona de Biban el-Moluk, pero quedó inacabada.
Encontraron su momia en el escondrijo real KV35 y ahora se custodia en el Museo Egipcio de El Cairo. El examen de su momia indicaba que falleció, con unos 35 años de edad, de viruela.
Testimonios de su época [editar]
Se han encontrado en varias ciudades objetos con su nombre inscrito:
- Estela en Karnak
- Estela en Gebel el-Silsila
- Bloque pétreo en Heliópolis
- Algunos pequeños objetos con su nombre en Sinaí y Asia occidental.
Titulatura [editar]
| Titulatura | Jeroglífico | Transliteración (transcripción) - traducción - (procedencia) |
| Nombre de Horus: |
| k3 nḫt mn m3ˁt (Kanajt emenmaat) Toro potente, constante en la Justicia (Maat) |
| Nombre de Nebty: |
| --- |
| Nombre de Hor-Nub: |
| usr rnput my i t m (Userenputmitem) Poderoso en años como Atum |
| Nombre de Nesut-Bity: |
| usr m3ˁt rˁ s ḫpr n rˁ (Usermaatra Sejeperenra) Poderosa es la justicia (Maat) de Ra |
| Nombre de Sa-Ra: |
| rˁ ms su imn ḫps f (Rameses Amonhirjopshef) Engendrado por Ra, Amón es su fuerza |
Notas [editar]
| Predecesor: Ramsés IV | Faraón Dinastía XX | Sucesor: Ramsés VI |
Ramesses V
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contenido
| Ramesses V | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Also written Ramses and Rameses | ||||
 | ||||
| The tomb of Ramesses V | ||||
| Pharaoh of Egypt | ||||
| Reign | 1149–1145 BC, 20th Dynasty | |||
| Predecessor | Ramesses IV | |||
| Successor | Ramesses VI | |||
| Father | Ramesses IV | |||
| Mother | Queen Tentopet | |||
| Died | 1145 BC | |||
| Burial | KV9 | |||
Usermare Sekhepenre Ramesses V (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the fourth pharaoh of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt and was the son of Ramesses IV and Queen Tentopet.
His reign was characterized by the continued growth of the power of the priesthood of Amun, which controlled much of the temple land in the country and state finances at the expense of Pharaoh. The Turin 1887 papyrus records a financial scandal during his reign that involved the priests of Elephantine. A period of domestic instability also afflicted his reign since Turin Papyrus Cat. 2044 states that the workmen of Deir el-Medina periodically stopped work on Ramesses V's KV9 tomb in this king's first regnal year out of fear of "the enemy", presumably Libyan raiding parties, who had reached the town of Per-Nebyt and "burnt its people."[1] Another incursion by these raiders into Thebes is recorded a few days later.[2] This shows that the Egyptian state was having difficulties ensuring the security of its own elite tomb workers, let alone the general populace, during this troubled time.
The great Wilbour Papyrus, dating to Year 4 of his reign, was a major land survey and tax assessment document which covered various lands "extending from near Crocodilopolis (Medinet el-Fayyum) southwards to a little short of the modern town of El-Minya, a distance of some 90 miles."[3] It reveals most of Egypt's land was controlled by the Amun temples which also directed the country's finances. The document highlights the increasing power of the High Priest of Amun Ramessesnakht whose son, a certain Usimare'nakhte, held the office of chief tax master.
[edit] Death
The circumstances of Ramesses V's death are unknown but it is believed he had a reign of almost 4 full years. It is possible he was dethroned by his successor, Ramesses VI because Ramesses VI usurped his predecessor's KV9 tomb.[4] An ostracon records that this king was only buried in Year 2 of Ramesses VI which was highly irregular since Egyptian tradition required a king to be mummified and buried precisely 70 days into the reign of his successor.[5] However, another reason for the much delayed burial of Ramesses V in Year 2, second month of Akhet day 1 of Ramesses VI's reign (see KRI, VI, 343) may have been connected with Ramesses VI's need "to clear out any Libyans [invaders] from Thebes and to provide a temporary tomb for Ramesses V until plans for a double burial within tomb KV9 could be put into effect."[2] Moreover, a Theban work journal (P. Turin 1923) dated to Year 2 of Ramesses VI's reign shows that a period of normality had returned to the Theban West Bank by this time.[2]
Ramesses V's mummy has been recovered and seems to indicate that he suffered from smallpox due to lesions found on his face and this is thought to have caused his death.[6]
[edit] Notes
- ^ A.J. Peden, The Reign of Ramesses IV, (Aris & Phillips Ltd: 1994), p.21 Peden's source on these recorded disturbances is KRI, VI, 340-343
- ^ a b c Peden, p.21
- ^ Alan Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs, 1961
- ^ Peter Clayton, Chronology of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd, (1994), p.168
- ^ Clayton, p.167
- ^ Erik Hornung, "The Pharaoh" p.292 in The Egyptians (ed.) Sergio Donadoni and Robert Bianchi, University of Chicago Press, 1997 [1]
[edit] External links
related articles
- Ramesses VI
- KV9
- Ramesses IV
- Iset Ta-Hemdjert
- Duatentopet
- God's Wife of Amun
- KV35
- List of burials in the Valley of the Kings
- Ramesses IX
- Userhet
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